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| Explanation of the instrument string |
| Abbreviations |
| Woodwind |
|
 |
|
| sarrus |
|
Sarrusophone |
| cbn |
|
Contrabassoon |
| Ebcl |
|
E Flat Clarinet |
| bcl |
|
Bass Clarinet |
| obdc |
|
Oboe da Caccia |
| ca |
|
Cor Anglais |
| obda |
|
Oboe d'Amore |
| rec |
|
Recorder |
| afl |
|
Alto Flute |
| pic |
|
Piccolo |
| fl |
|
Flute |
| asx |
|
Alto Saxophone |
| heck |
|
Heckelphone |
| ssx |
|
Soprano Saxophone |
| bn |
|
Bassoon |
| cl |
|
Clarinet |
| ob |
|
Oboe |
| sx |
|
Saxophone |
| barsx |
|
Baritone Saxophone |
| tsx |
|
Tenor Saxophone | |
|
| Brass |
|
|
|
| Wtba |
|
Wagner Tuba |
| sous |
|
Sousaphone |
| euph |
|
Euphonium |
| flg |
|
Flugel Horn |
| cnt |
|
Cornet |
| hn |
|
Horn |
| tba |
|
Tuba |
| tpt |
|
Trumpet |
| tbn |
|
Trombone | |
|
| Percussion |
|
|
|
| timp |
|
Timpani |
| perc |
|
Percussion |
| cym |
|
Cymbal |
| cga |
|
Conga |
| tbells |
|
Tubular Bells |
| xyl |
|
Xylophone |
| chm |
|
Chimes |
| dms |
|
Drums |
| glock |
|
Glockenspiel |
| mba |
|
Marimba |
| met |
|
Metal |
| tam |
|
Tambor |
| vib |
|
Vibraphone |
| tamb |
|
Tambourine | |
|
| Other |
|
|
|
| cel |
|
Celesta |
| hpd |
|
Harpsichord |
| syn |
|
Synthesizer |
| kbd |
|
Keyboard |
| vdga |
|
Viola da Gamba |
| Horg |
|
Hammond Organ |
| lu |
|
Lute |
| man |
|
Mandolin |
| uke |
|
Ukelele |
| tape |
|
Tape |
| egtr |
|
Electric Guitar |
| sampler |
|
Sampler |
| acn |
|
Accordion |
| electronics |
|
Elecronics |
| hmn |
|
Harmonium |
| epf |
|
Electric Piano |
| hp |
|
Harp |
| pf |
|
Piano |
| org |
|
Organ |
| bgtr |
|
Bass Guitar |
| eb |
|
Electric Bass |
| bjo |
|
Banjo |
| gtr |
|
Guitar | |
|
| Strings |
|
|
|
| evn |
|
E Violin |
| vn |
|
Violin 1 |
| vn |
|
Violin 2 |
| va |
|
Viola |
| vc |
|
Cello |
| db |
|
Double Bass |
| str |
|
Strings |
| Vocal |
|
|
|
| T |
|
Tenor |
| S |
|
Soprano |
| A |
|
Alto |
| Bar |
|
Baritone |
| B |
|
Bass |
| narrator |
|
Narrator |
| Ms |
|
Mezzo Soprano |
| voice |
|
Voice | | |
| Description |
| Orchestra and ensemble instrumentation appear in score order as follows |
- flute.oboe.clarinet.saxophone.bassoon/
- horn.trumpet.trombone.tuba/
- percussion/
- harp.keyboard/
- other plucked strings/
- violin1.violin2.viola.cello.doublebass;
- continuo;
- electronic tape;
- voice(s) treated as an instrument
The instrumentation for small ensembles is indicated as a range of abbreviations. Soloists are listed separately from the orchestral line up. |
| The instruments in each separate group between the dashes are divided by a full stop, and the numbers indicate the number of instruments. |
| "str" without indication of number indicates that a string group, without any specific demands as to the number of strings, is involved. |
Instruments in an ordinary bracket indicate doubling:
- 1(pic).1.1.1 thus signifies that the flute player also plays the piccolo. |
Instruments in square brackets indicate alternatives:
- 1.1[ca].1.1 signifies that the oboe can be replaced by a cor anglais. |
A plus in front of the instrument indicates that we are dealing with an extra instrument:
- 1 pic.1.1.1 signifies that there is a piccolo player as well as a flute player. |
| Examples |
| 2 violins, oboe 2(pic:afl)2.2(bcl,bcl).2/4.3.3.1/2perc/hp/2pf/str(14.12.10.8.6) |
| indicates 2 solo violins, 1 solo oboe and an orchestra with 2 flutes (1 player doubling piccolo, the other doubling alto), 2 oboes, 2 clarinets (one player doubling both Ebclarinet and bass clarinet), 2 bassoons, 4 horns, 3 trumpets, 3 trombones, 1 tuba, 2 percussionists, harp, 2 pianos, and a string group consisting of 14 violin1, 12 violin2, 10 violas, 8 cellos, and 6 bass. |
| 0 afl.1[ca].1.1/1.0.0.0/perc.timp/str |
| indicate 1 alto flute, 1 oboe or cor anglais, 2 clarinet, 1 bassoon, 1 horn, 1 percussionist and 1 timpanist, and strings. |
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